Beech wood is a hardwood derived from trees in the Fagus genus, primarily found in Europe, Asia, and North America. It is known for its pale cream to pinkish-brown color, fine, straight grain, and uniform texture, making it a popular choice in both functional and decorative woodworking.

Beech is characterized by its tight, closed grain, which gives it a smooth and consistent finish. It has a moderate natural luster and is generally odorless. Although it is a strong and stable wood when properly dried, beech can be prone to warping if not kiln-dried correctly. It is also not naturally resistant to moisture, decay, or insect attack, making it more suitable for indoor use.

Properties and Workability

• Density: ~710-730 kg/m³ (44-46 lbs/ft³)
• Janka hardness: ~1,300 lbf
• Grain: Straight, with a fine and even texture
• Color: Pale cream to light pink-brown; can darken with age or steam treatment

Beech is widely appreciated for its excellent workability. It machines well, takes glue, screws, and nails securely, and stains and finishes evenly. It also responds well to steam bending, making it ideal for curved furniture components.

Common Uses

• Furniture (chairs, tables, beds)
• Cabinetry and drawer components
• Flooring and stair parts
• Interior joinery and millwork
• Plywood cores and veneers
• Wooden tools, toys, and kitchen utensils

Beech wood offers an attractive combination of aesthetic simplicity, mechanical strength, and affordability. While it’s not suited for outdoor or high-moisture environments, its smooth grain and ease of use make it ideal for a wide range of indoor furniture and woodworking projects.

For more premium or decay-resistant applications, alternatives like walnut or oak may be preferred.